In this case, we can create an oConditionGroup as part of the entityQuery, as well as adding additional conditions, sorts, and ranges:
$query = \Drupal::entityQuery('user');
$group = $query
->orConditionGroup()
->condition('created', '1262304000', '<') // Jan 1, 2010
->condition('created', '1577836800', '>'); // Jan 1, 2020
$results = $query->condition($group)
->condition('status', 1)
->sort('created', DESC)
->execute();
